Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access

Conus Medullaris

S. Sreeremya

Abstract


Conus Medullaris is the tapered end of spinal cord (CM). The anomalies in the L1-L2 region results in the malfunction and then it is termed Conus Medullaris syndrome (CMS). This paper covers the major aspect of CMS.

Full Text:

PDF

References


Mauffrey C, Randhawa K, Lewis C, Brewster M, Dabke H. Cauda equina syndrome: an anatomically driven review. Br J Hosp Med (Lond). Jun 2008;69(6):344-7.

Olmarker K, Rydevik B, Hansson T, Holm S. Compression-induced changes of the nutritional supply to the porcine cauda equina. J Spinal Disord. Mar 1990;3(1):25-9.

Delamarter RB, Sherman JE, Carr JB. 1991 Volvo Award in experimental studies. Cauda equine syndrome: neurologic recovery following immediate, early, or late decompression. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). Sep 1991;16(9):1022-9.

Olmarker K, Rydevik B, Holm S. Edema formation in spinal nerve roots induced by experimental, graded compression. An experimental study on the pig cauda equina with special reference to differences in effects between rapid and slow onset of compression. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). Jun 1989;14(6):569-73.

Olmarker K, Rydevik B, Holm S, Bagge U. Effects of experimental graded compression on blood flow in spinal nerve roots. A vital microscopic study on the porcine cauda equina. J Orthop Res. 1988;7(6):817- 23.

Olmarker K, Holm S, Rydevik B. Importance of compression onset rate for the degree of impairment of impulse propagation in experimental compression injury of the porcine cauda equina. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). May 1992;15(5):416-9.

Olmarker K, Holm S, Rosenqvist AL, Rydevik B. Experimental nerve root compression. A model of acute, graded compression of the porcine cauda equina and an analysis of neural and vascular anatomy. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). Jan 1993;16(1):61-9.

Metser U, Lerman H, Blank A, Lievshitz G, Bokstein F, Even-Sapir E. Malignant involvement of the spine: assessment by 18F-FDG PET/CT. J Nucl Med. Feb 2004;45(2):279-84

Spetzler RF, Detwiler PW, Riina HA, Porter RW. Modified classification of spinal cord vascular lesions. J Neurosurg Spine 2002;96:145-56.

Carlson AP, Taylor CL, Yonas H. Treatment of duralarteriovenous fistula using ethylene vinyl alcohol (Onyx) arterial embolization as the primary modality: Short-term results. J Neurosurg 2007;107:1120-5.

Van Rooji WJ, Sluzewski M, Beute GN. Brain AVM embolization with Onyx. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2007;28:172-7.

Molyneux AJ, Coley SC. Embolization of spinal cord arteriovenous malformations with an ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (Onyx liquid embolic system): Report of two cases. J Neurosurg (Spine 2) 2000;93:304-8.

Warakaulle DR, AvivRI, Niemann D, Molyneux AJ, Byrne JV, Teddy P. Embolisation of spinal duralarteriovenous fistulae with Onyx. Neuroradiology 2003;45: 110-2.

Erdogan C, Hakeymez B, Arat A, Bekar A, Parlak M. Spinal duralarteriovenous fistula in a case with lipomyelodysplasia. Br J Radiol 2007; 80: e98-100.

Silva N, Januel AC, Tall P, Cognard C. Spinal epidural arterio venous fistulas associated with progressive myelopathy. J Neurosurg Spine 2007;6:552-8.

Corkill RA, Mitsos AP, AJ Molyneux. A single-center experience in a series of 17 patients. J Neurosurg Spine 2007;7:478-85.

Podnar S (2007) Epidemiology of caudaequina and Conus Medullaris lesions. Muscle Nerve 35:529–531.

Ebner FH, Roser F, Acioly MA, Schoeber W, Tatagiba M (2009) Intramedullary lesions of the Conus Medullaris: differential diagnosis and surgical management. Neurosurg Rev 32:287–301

Pradhan S, Gupta RK, Kapoor R, Shashank S, Kathuria MK (1998) Para-infectious conus myelitis. J Neuro l Sci 161:156–162.


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.