Composting of Cotton Waste balances Nitrate in Soil & Water

Abstract

In India agriculture is the main source income of farmers. Chemical fertilizer containing Nitrogen (N), Phosphorous (P) and Potassium (K) are the main contaminants for green revolution. In Motala area farmers are using excess quantity of Nitrogenous fertilizers day by day. Due to this excess use it is observed that nitrate contaminant found in soil and groundwater is high as their limits. Also serious health problems are created by drinking water. For that detailed survey of wells was carried out in Motala region .The balance will be done by composting of Cotton Waste in place of Nitrogenous fertilizers. So farmers are used average quantity of Nitrogenous Fertilizers for their yield. Also in India the use of Nitrogenous fertilizers used increased day by day. So you will be seen imbalance in Nitrate present in soil and water.BIS has recommended standard for drinking water the maximum desirable limit of Nitrate concentration in 10.16 mg/l as nitrate N (45mg/l as Nitrate NO3).The Nitrite contaminant found in soil and groundwater is the main reason for this degradation and is mostly spreaded nitrate content due to high use of Nitrogenous fertilizer. But Nitrate is very essential nutrient for the growth of plant. Generally Nitrate comes from various sources like plants, organic matter, etc. that returns nitrate from the composting. Excess nitrate in soil is not used by plants and this extra nitrate discharges to the environment i.e. in soil and groundwater. But in actual practice nitrate is very essential but by excess use of Nitrogenous Fertilizers it is seen that it creates an environmental pollution in soil and groundwater. Motala region, Buldhna District is located in the northern part of Maharashtra State. Physiographically the study area is divided into plane area and Nalganga valley. The plane area consists of hard & massive basaltic rocks and Nalganga valley is a rift valley having in situ salinity. So it is necessary to study the nitrate contaminants found in groundwater and soil. In India peoples are dependants on it for drinking and irrigation purpose. So for analyze we take 15 samples from different wells randomly for statistical techniques from different farmers. These farmers are used excess quantity of Nitrogenous Fertilizers for their crops for higher yield.